Chapter 5: Database Processing

The purpose of a database:

• Organize and keep track of things
• Keep track of multiple themes
• Theme (ex. student grades, student emails, student office visits)
• Single theme - store in a spreadsheet
• Multiple themes - use a database

Example of single theme:

Student data form for a database application:

Example of a database:

Database is a self-describing collection of integrated records. Database is a collection of related tables.

Components of a database:

Formal term for table is “relation”. Linking relations together creates relationships. A database is a group of related tables. Metadata describes definitions of tables, fields and relationships.

Example of relationships among rows:

Columns that are keys to different tables than the ones in which they reside: Foreign key

Sample of access metadata:

Data management system is the program used to create process and administer database.

• Licensed from vendors
• IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, and others
• DB2, Access, SQL Server, Oracle Database
• Open Source
• MySQL: License-free for most applications

DBMS Process Operations

1. Read
2. Insert
3. Modify
4. Delete Data

Structured Query Language - SQL

• International standard
• Used by nearly all DBMS

Administering the Database

-Set up security system, user accounts, passwords, permissions, limits for processing.
-Limit user permissions.
-Back up database, improve performance of database applications, remove unwanted data

Query Example:

a

a•Typical database application report, query form and query report.  Structure of this report creates information because it shows student data in a context meaningful to the professor.

•DBMS programs provide comprehensive and robust features for querying database data.

Multiuser Processing Problem:

•Lost-update problem is one of the special characteristics of multi-user database processing. To prevent this problem, some type of locking must be used to coordinate the record update activities of multiple users. Locking has own set of problems and those problems must be addressed as well.

•Realize converting a single-user database to a multiuser database requires more than simply connecting another computer. The logic of the underlying application processing needs to be adjusted also. If you find inaccurate results, you may be experiencing multiuser data conflicts. Contact your IS department for assistance.

Entity-Relationship Data Model

Sample of relationships Ver 1:

•Normalization

–Converting poorly structured tables into two or more well-structured tables.

a

a

a

Chapter 5: Database Processing

The purpose of a database:

• Organize and keep track of things
• Keep track of multiple themes
• Theme (ex. student grades, student emails, student office visits)
• Single theme - store in a spreadsheet
• Multiple themes - use a database

Example of single theme:

Student data form for a database application:

Example of a database:

Database is a self-describing collection of integrated records. Database is a collection of related tables.

Components of a database:

Formal term for table is “relation”. Linking relations together creates relationships. A database is a group of related tables. Metadata describes definitions of tables, fields and relationships.

Example of relationships among rows:

Columns that are keys to different tables than the ones in which they reside: Foreign key

Sample of access metadata:

Data management system is the program used to create process and administer database.

• Licensed from vendors
• IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, and others
• DB2, Access, SQL Server, Oracle Database
• Open Source
• MySQL: License-free for most applications

DBMS Process Operations

1. Read
2. Insert
3. Modify
4. Delete Data

Structured Query Language - SQL

• International standard
• Used by nearly all DBMS

Administering the Database

-Set up security system, user accounts, passwords, permissions, limits for processing.
-Limit user permissions.
-Back up database, improve performance of database applications, remove unwanted data

Query Example:

a

a•Typical database application report, query form and query report.  Structure of this report creates information because it shows student data in a context meaningful to the professor.

•DBMS programs provide comprehensive and robust features for querying database data.

Multiuser Processing Problem:

•Lost-update problem is one of the special characteristics of multi-user database processing. To prevent this problem, some type of locking must be used to coordinate the record update activities of multiple users. Locking has own set of problems and those problems must be addressed as well.

•Realize converting a single-user database to a multiuser database requires more than simply connecting another computer. The logic of the underlying application processing needs to be adjusted also. If you find inaccurate results, you may be experiencing multiuser data conflicts. Contact your IS department for assistance.

Entity-Relationship Data Model

Sample of relationships Ver 1:

•Normalization

–Converting poorly structured tables into two or more well-structured tables.

a

a

a

Chapter 5: Database Processing

The purpose of a database:

• Organize and keep track of things
• Keep track of multiple themes
• Theme (ex. student grades, student emails, student office visits)
• Single theme - store in a spreadsheet
• Multiple themes - use a database

Example of single theme:

Student data form for a database application:

Example of a database:

Database is a self-describing collection of integrated records. Database is a collection of related tables.

Components of a database:

Formal term for table is “relation”. Linking relations together creates relationships. A database is a group of related tables. Metadata describes definitions of tables, fields and relationships.

Example of relationships among rows:

Columns that are keys to different tables than the ones in which they reside: Foreign key

Sample of access metadata:

Data management system is the program used to create process and administer database.

• Licensed from vendors
• IBM, Microsoft, Oracle, and others
• DB2, Access, SQL Server, Oracle Database
• Open Source
• MySQL: License-free for most applications

DBMS Process Operations

1. Read
2. Insert
3. Modify
4. Delete Data

Structured Query Language - SQL

• International standard
• Used by nearly all DBMS

Administering the Database

-Set up security system, user accounts, passwords, permissions, limits for processing.
-Limit user permissions.
-Back up database, improve performance of database applications, remove unwanted data

Query Example:

a

a•Typical database application report, query form and query report.  Structure of this report creates information because it shows student data in a context meaningful to the professor.

•DBMS programs provide comprehensive and robust features for querying database data.

Multiuser Processing Problem:

•Lost-update problem is one of the special characteristics of multi-user database processing. To prevent this problem, some type of locking must be used to coordinate the record update activities of multiple users. Locking has own set of problems and those problems must be addressed as well.

•Realize converting a single-user database to a multiuser database requires more than simply connecting another computer. The logic of the underlying application processing needs to be adjusted also. If you find inaccurate results, you may be experiencing multiuser data conflicts. Contact your IS department for assistance.

Entity-Relationship Data Model

Sample of relationships Ver 1:

•Normalization

–Converting poorly structured tables into two or more well-structured tables.

a

a

a